HISTORY OF ALGERIA

The Algerian National Movement

The Algerian national movement refers to the socio-political movement which, born at the beginning of the 20th century during the French colonization of Algeria, led to the outbreak of the war of independence in 1954. The Algerian National Movement includes two political tendencies, the reformists of one side and the separatists on the other.

The reformist tendency gradually faded to the end of the Second World War because of the absence of real reforms and the obstinacy of the French colonial regime. The independence movement was led until 1954 by the movement successively including the North African Star (ENA), the Algerian People‘s Party (APP) and the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Freedoms (MTLD).

Other more moderate movements also evolved in the Algerian political scene, mainly the Association of the Muslim Ulemas created in 1931 by the Ulemas in the direct line of the Islahist (Reformist) movement born in 1920 and advocating a religious and cultural reformism, as well as the communist movement represented by the Algerian Communist Party, born in 1936, and the “Democratic Union of Manifesto Algerian (UDMA)” by Ferhat Abbas, founded in 1947.